The Free Triiodothyronine (T3) test measures the active form of T3 hormone to assess thyroid function. Elevated free T3 levels can indicate hyperthyroidism, leading to symptoms such as weight loss, rapid heart rate, and heat intolerance. Low free T3 levels are indicative of hypothyroidism, with symptoms like fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance. This test is crucial for diagnosing thyroid conditions and evaluating treatment effectiveness.